PHASE 03 // IMPLEMENT

recfo@implement:~/runbooks/s8-02
S8-02 · Manage the FinOps Practice · Governance, Policy & Risk

Implement Technology Guardrails

Why

Written governance rules are easily ignored. Technology guardrails prevent waste at the provisioning layer before non-compliant spend occurs — restricting unapproved instance types, enforcing approved regions, and blocking untagged deployments. They translate governance decisions into automated enforcement.

What

Implement cloud-native policies that enforce governance rules automatically: instance type restrictions, region restrictions, mandatory tagging (links to S1-02), and spending limits.

How

Translate Governance Rules into Policy Definitions

From the governance framework (S8-01), identify rules that can be automated:

RulePolicy TypeProvider Tool
Only approved instance familiesDeny unapproved instance typesAWS SCP / Azure Policy / GCP Org Policy
Restrict to approved regionsDeny resource creation outside listAWS SCP / Azure Policy / GCP Org Policy
Mandatory tags on all resourcesDeny if tags missing(covered in S1-02)
No public S3 buckets / storageDeny public access configurationAWS SCP / Azure Policy / GCP Org Policy
Budget alerts on all accountsRequire budget at provisioning(covered in S2-02)

Deploy in Audit Mode First

Roll out all policies in audit/report mode for 2 weeks before enforcing. This identifies legitimate workloads that would be blocked and allows exception handling.

AWS — SCPs with Deny Effect

SCPs with Deny effect — start with a narrow action list. AWS Tag Policies in report mode.

Azure — Azure Policy with Audit Effect

Azure Policy with Audit effect → monitor compliance blade → promote to Deny after stabilisation.

GCP — Organisation Policy Constraints

Organisation Policy constraints. Use dry-run mode where available. GCP’s constraint library is narrower — supplement with CI/CD gates.

Define Exception Process

Not every guardrail applies universally. Define a lightweight exception process: request form → FinOps review → time-limited exception with expiry date. Track exceptions in a register and review quarterly.

Promote to Enforcement

After 2 weeks in audit mode with exceptions handled, promote policies from Audit → Deny. Monitor for blocked deployments in the first week and respond quickly to legitimate breakage.

Deliverable Checklist

  • Governance rules translated into policy definitions
  • Policies deployed in audit mode (all providers)
  • 2-week observation period completed
  • Exception process defined and published
  • Policies promoted to enforcement (Deny)
  • Monitoring for blocked deployments active